Humic substances (HS) are an important stabilizing element in the formation of soil aggregates.The experiment included 6 soil types (Haplic Fluvisol, Haplic Chernozem, Cutanic Luvisol, Haplic Cambisol, Haplic Planosol, Rendzic Leptosol), each in four types of ecosystems (forest, meadow, urban, and agro-ecosystems).Soil macroaggregates were separate
Abstract Background Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is widely used in plant functional genomics.However, the efficiency of VIGS in young plantlets varies across plant species.Additionally, VIGS is not optimized for many plant species, especially medicinal plants that produce valuable specialized metabolites.Results We evaluated the efficacy of
To determine the presence of sexual dimorphic transcription and how in vitro culture environments influence X-linked gene transcription patterns in preimplantation embryos, we analyzed mRNA expression levels in in vivo-derived, in vitro-fertilized (IVF), and cloned porcine blastocysts.Our results clearly show that sex-biased expression occurred bet